SUBSTANCE AND REALIZATION

SUBSTANCE AND REALIZATION

Activity 4.1

I.       Purpose                                 :

Investigate the nature of solids, liquids and gasses.

II.       Basic Theory                         :

1.     Understanding Substance (Ing: matter)

Substance or matter is something that occupies space and has mass. Occupying a space means the objects can be placed in a room or a specific container while the mass of the object can be measured either by estimation or with certain equipment such as balance sheets. The two substances can not occupy the same space at the same time. Every substance / material consisting of particles / molecules that make up the substance.

2.    Mass Type Substance (density of substance; Ing: density)

Similar substances must have the same density. Thus it can be said        that the mass density is one characteristic of a substance.

3.    Substance BeinG

Based on his form substances can be divided into three kinds, namely solid, liquid, and gas. Each substance has a form of special features        good views of the physical form and its constituent particles as follows:

1.     The location of the molecule are very far apart

2.    The distance between molecules is very much when compared with the molecule itself.

3.    Constituent molecules move very freely

4.    Style attraction between molecules almost no

5.    Both the volume and easily change its shape

6.    Can fill all available space.

Example: Air

B. Liquid

      Examples: water, oil, oil

1.     The location of the molecule relatively close together compared to the gas but further than solids.

2.    Fairly free movement of molecules

3.    Molecules can move, but not easily leave the group because there                are still attractive force attractive.

4.    The shape is easy to change (adjust container / place) but the                   volume remained.

C. Solid

1.     The location of the molecule is very close and regular.

2.    Style of attraction between molecules is very strong that molecular          motion is not free.

3.    Restricted molecular motion, that is just vibrating and spinning in                       place.

4.    Molecules are difficult to separate so as to make its form is always                    fixed or not changed.

Example: wood, stone, iron

III.       Materials and Equipments      :

·           Marble

·           Glass

·           Plate

·           Water

·           rubber balloon

·           bicycle pump

·           Plastic Bag

IV.       Step Work                           :

1.      Prepare a marble on the table, then move the marbles into a glass. What is the shape and volume changes marbles? Record the results of observations into the data table.

2.     Pour water into a glass. Observe the shape, then record the data of  observations. Move the water in the glasses into the plate. How is its shape? whether the volume is changed? record data from observations into the table.

3.     Blow rubber balloon with 4 puffs (or with a pump), then tie the rubber balloon. Observe the shape of rubber balloons. Do the same thing but using plastic bags. Is the form of air inside the balloon rubber and air forms in the same plastic bag? What volume of air in a second plastic bag, do the same? Record the results of observations into the data table. 

V.       Task                                     :

1.     What your conclucion about the experiment?

2.    How the characteristic from solid, liquid and gasses substance?